What does ECMO mean in Physiology?

This page is about the meanings of the acronym/abbreviation/shorthand ECMO in the Medical field in general and in the Physiology terminology in particular.

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Medical » Physiology

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Submitted by rinat on February 15, 2006

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Definition

What does ECMO mean?

ECMO
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), also known as extracorporeal life support (ECLS), is an extracorporeal technique of providing prolonged cardiac and respiratory support to persons whose heart and lungs are unable to provide an adequate amount of gas exchange or perfusion to sustain life. The technology for ECMO is largely derived from cardiopulmonary bypass, which provides shorter-term support with arrested native circulation. The device used is a membrane oxygenator, also known as an artificial lung. ECMO works by temporarily drawing blood from the body to allow artificial oxygenation of the red blood cells and removal of carbon dioxide. Generally, it is used either post-cardiopulmonary bypass or in late-stage treatment of a person with profound heart and/or lung failure, although it is now seeing use as a treatment for cardiac arrest in certain centers, allowing treatment of the underlying cause of arrest while circulation and oxygenation are supported. ECMO is also used to support patients with the acute viral pneumonia associated with COVID-19 in cases where artificial ventilation alone is not sufficient to sustain blood oxygenation levels.

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"ECMO." Abbreviations.com. STANDS4 LLC, 2024. Web. 28 Mar. 2024. <https://www.abbreviations.com/term/387863>.

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