What does ABD mean in Universities?

Abd

Abd is an Arabic word meaning one who is totally subordinated; a slave or a servant. The word can also be transliterated into English as 'Abd, where the apostrophe indicates the ayin, denoting a voiced pharyngeal fricative consonant or some reflex of it. In Western ears, it may be perceived as a guttural 'a' sound. It appears in many common Arab names followed by Al in form of "Abd ul", "Abd ul-", etc.; this is also commonly translitated as "el-," in the form "Abd el-", meaning "servant of the-". This is always followed by one of the names for God. These names are given in List of Arabic theophoric names and 99 Names of God. A widespread name Abdullah means "servant of God" or "worshipper of God". ⁕Abd Rabbuh ⁕Abduh ⁕Abdul Nabi It can also be used by Arab Christians and Arabic-speaking Christians, just as long as it is associated to their religion: ⁕Abdul Masih ⁕Abdul Salib ⁕Abdul Shahid

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